Of Anger by Seneca (4 BC-65 AD) defines and explains anger within the context of Stoic philosophy, and offers therapeutic advice on how to prevent and control anger. This is achievable by the development of an understanding of how to control the passions, and to make them subject to reason.

Seneca believed that the passions arise in a rational mind as a misunderstanding of reality. A passion is a defective belief which occurs when the mind makes errors about the values of things. Seneca states that his therapy has two main aims: one is that we avoid anger (resisting anger), and the other is that we do no wrong when we are angry (restraining anger).